"Learning is not a spectator sport. Students do not learn much just by sitting in class listening to teachers. They must talk about what they are learning, relate it to past experiences, apply it to their daily lives."

"The single most important variable in promoting long-term retention and transfer is practice at retrieval. Testing is a powerful learning event."

"The act of retrieving learning from memory has two profound benefits: it tells you what you know and don't know, and it strengthens the memory."